Analysis of Entropy Generation for Mass and Thermal Mixing Behaviors in Non-Newtonian Nano-Fluids of a Crossing Micromixer

This work's objective is to investigate the laminar steady flow characteristics of non-Newtonian nano-fluids in a developed chaotic microdevice known as a two-layer crossing channels micromixer (TLCCM). The continuity equation, the 3D momentum equations, and the species transport equations have been solved numerically at low Reynolds numbers with the commercial CFD software Fluent. A procedure has been verified for non-Newtonian flow in studied geometry that is continuously heated. Secondary flows and thermal mixing performance with two distinct intake temperatures of nano-shear thinning fluids is involved. For an extensive range of Reynolds numbers (0.1 to 25), the impact of fluid characteristics and various concentrations of Al₂O₃ nanoparticles on thermal mixing capabilities and pressure drop were investigated. The simulation for performance enhancement was run using a power-law index (n) at intervals of different nanoparticle concentrations (0.5 to 5%). At high nano-fluid concentrations, our research findings indicate that hydrodynamic and thermal performances are considerably improved for all Reynolds numbers because of the strong chaotic flow. The mass fraction visualization shows that the suggested design has a fast thermal mixing rate that approaches 0.99%. As a consequence of the thermal and hydrodynamic processes, under the effect of chaotic advection, the creation of entropy governs the second law of thermodynamics. Thus, with the least amount of friction and thermal irreversibilities compared to other studied geometries, the TLCCM arrangement confirmed a significant enhancement in the mixing performance.