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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract01:28

Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract

The human urogenital system, once thought to be sterile in healthy individuals, is now recognized as a complex microbial habitat. Advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have revealed that even in healthy adults, the kidneys and bladder harbor microbial populations similar to those found in the distal urethra, albeit in much lower abundance. These resident microorganisms, while generally innocuous, can become opportunistic pathogens under conditions that alter the urogenital...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model
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Mimicking Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Using a Human Three-Dimensional Tissue

Félix-Antoine Pellerin1, Élodie Dufresne1, Stéphane Chabaud1

  • 1Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Quebec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.

Microorganisms
|November 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a 3D human bladder model to investigate recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The model successfully mimics key UTI phases, offering a novel approach for studying this common infection.

Keywords:
Escherichia colichitosantissue engineeringurinary tract infectionurothelium

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Microbiology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common, affecting over 50% of women, with recurrent UTIs posing significant challenges.
  • Current 2D cell cultures and animal models have limited success in predicting clinical outcomes for UTIs.
  • There is a critical need for advanced models that better replicate human urinary tract infections, especially recurrent forms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel 3D human bladder mucosa model using tissue engineering.
  • To utilize this model to simulate the pathogenesis of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infections, including recurrence.
  • To provide a more clinically relevant platform for studying UTI mechanisms and potential treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Tissue engineering techniques were employed to create a 3D model using collagen gels and primary human stromal and epithelial cells.
  • The model was infected with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UTI-89-GFP) to mimic infection stages: adhesion, invasion, and intracellular bacterial community formation.
  • Recurrent infection was simulated by inducing umbrella cell exfoliation with chitosan, followed by bacterial resurgence.

Main Results:

  • The 3D human bladder model successfully replicated key phases of UTI, including bacterial adhesion, invasion, and the formation of intracellular bacterial communities.
  • The model demonstrated bacterial resurgence after simulated umbrella cell exfoliation, effectively mimicking recurrent UTI.
  • The study utilized GFP-tagged bacterial strains (UTI-89-GFP and BL-21-GFP) for visualization and control.

Conclusions:

  • The developed 3D human bladder mucosa model represents a significant advancement in studying urinary tract infections in a human context.
  • This model offers a unique platform for exploring the complex dynamics of recurrent UTIs and evaluating therapeutic strategies.
  • It serves as a crucial first step towards more accurate preclinical models for UTI research.