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Portuguese Lipid Study (e_LIPID).

Joana Rita Chora1,2, Ana Catarina Alves1,2, Cibelle Mariano1,2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High cholesterol is a neglected cardiovascular risk factor in Portugal, with over half the population exceeding recommended lipid levels. This study provides crucial lipid profile data for targeted CVD prevention strategies.

Keywords:
cardiovascular risk factorsdyslipidaemialipid percentileslipid profile

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence is rising globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, driven by lifestyle changes.
  • Dyslipidemia is a significant independent risk factor for CVD, necessitating accurate identification for effective prevention.
  • Understanding population-specific lipid profiles is crucial for developing targeted public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the lipid profile of the general Portuguese population.
  • To establish population-specific percentiles for key lipid biomarkers.
  • To assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its association with CVD risk factors in Portugal.

Main Methods:

  • Inclusion of 1688 individuals from the general Portuguese population (e_COR study, 2012-2014).
  • Estimation of population-specific percentiles for ten lipid biomarkers using bootstrapping methods.
  • Statistical analysis to determine national prevalence of lipid parameters and severe dyslipidemia.

Main Results:

  • The 50th percentile for total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, and non-HDL-C align with recommended values for low-to-moderate risk populations.
  • High prevalence of lipid parameters exceeding recommended values: 64.6% for TC, 66.9% for LDL-C, 51.3% for apoB, and 68.9% for non-HDL-C.
  • Severe dyslipidemia (>90th percentile) was prevalent, especially for small dense LDL-C (31.3%), apoB (30.4%), and LDL-C (30.3%).

Conclusions:

  • This study presents the first lipid biomarker percentiles for the Portuguese general population.
  • Hypercholesterolemia is a widespread and under-addressed cardiovascular risk factor in Portugal.
  • Urgent strategies focusing on lifestyle modifications and medication adherence are needed to manage this modifiable risk factor.