Electroencephalography-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces in Rehabilitation: A Bibliometric Analysis (2013-2023)

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering
• Rehabilitation Technology
• Bibliometrics and Research Analysis

Background:

• Non-invasive Electroencephalography-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (EEG-BCIs) are crucial for restoring neurological functions in conditions like stroke.
• Research in EEG-BCI for rehabilitation has seen significant global attention and growth over the past decade.
• Technological innovations, clinical effectiveness, and system advancements are key areas of focus.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global EEG-BCI research in rehabilitation from 2013 to 2023.
• To identify publication trends, geographic distribution, keyword co-occurrences, and collaboration networks.
• To highlight key findings, challenges, and future directions in the field.

Main Methods:

• Bibliometric analysis using data from Web of Science and the bibliometrix R package.
• Analysis of publication trends, geographic spread, keyword analysis, and collaboration mapping.
• Focus on primary research and review articles related to EEG-BCI in clinical rehabilitation.

Main Results:

• A significant increase in EEG-BCI research publications, peaking in 2022, primarily for motor and sensory rehabilitation.
• EEG remains the dominant method, with major contributions from Asia, Europe, and North America.
• Growing interest in mental health applications and integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially machine learning, for improved accuracy.

Conclusions:

• EEG-BCI research is rapidly advancing, with potential for broader applications in cognitive and motor rehabilitation.
• Challenges include system inefficiencies and slow learning curves, necessitating multi-modal approaches and advanced neuroimaging.
• Expanding global participation, particularly in underrepresented regions, and addressing ethical considerations are vital for inclusive development.