Targeted Biofeedback Training to Improve Gait Parameters in Subacute Stroke Patients: A Single-Blind Randomized...

Area of Science:

• Rehabilitation Medicine
• Biomechanics
• Neuroscience

Background:

• Biofeedback (BFB) is a rehabilitation technique used to restore motor and gait function.
• Stroke-induced hemiparesis often results in significant gait phase asymmetries, particularly in the stance and single stance phases.
• Technological advancements enable BFB training using targeted gait parameters to enhance gait in stroke survivors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the efficacy of biofeedback (BFB) training in restoring gait function in subacute stroke patients.
• To compare the effects of BFB training targeting either the stance phase or the single stance phase on gait parameters.
• To assess the impact of BFB training on clinical scales and detailed gait analysis data.

Main Methods:

• Two groups of 20 hemiparetic stroke patients received BFB training, targeting either the stance phase or single stance phase.
• A control group of 20 healthy subjects was included for comparison.
• Training consisted of 8 to 11 sessions, with assessments before and after using clinical scales and comprehensive gait analysis (spatiotemporal, kinematic, EMG).

Main Results:

• Both patient groups showed significant improvements in clinical assessments post-training.
• BFB training targeting the stance phase led to significant improvements, predominantly observed in the unaffected limb, which in turn facilitated functional gains in the paretic limb.
• Training focused on the single stance phase did not yield significant changes in the targeted parameter for either limb.

Conclusions:

• Targeted biofeedback (BFB) training can effectively improve walking function in stroke patients.
• Stance phase biofeedback appears more effective than single stance phase biofeedback for gait restoration in this population.
• BFB training primarily benefits the unaffected limb, indirectly enhancing the functional capacity of the affected paretic limb.