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Impact of Early Ying Yang Bao Nutritional Support on Growth and Neurodevelopment in Preschool Children in China
Xiayu Zhao1, Tingting Liu1, Chao Han1
1Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Insights
Early nutritional support with Ying Yang Bao (YYB) improved preschool children's neurodevelopment and growth. Consistent linear growth, particularly height, was positively associated with better cognitive and developmental outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nutrition
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Child Growth and Development
Background:
- Early nutritional interventions are crucial for optimal child development.
- Ying Yang Bao (YYB) is a nutritional supplement aimed at supporting children's growth potential.
- The long-term effects of YYB on neurodevelopment and the relationship between growth and neurodevelopment require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the lasting impact of Ying Yang Bao (YYB) on neurodevelopment in preschool children.
- To examine the association between physical growth metrics and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children receiving YYB.
- To determine if YYB intervention influences growth and subsequent neurodevelopmental trajectories.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study involving 1104 children aged 1 year, with a control group and a YYB intervention group.
- Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance confounders, resulting in 474 matched pairs for analysis.
- Annual assessments of anthropometric measurements, dietary status, YYB consumption, and neurodevelopment (Mental Index, Developmental Quotient) were conducted until age 5. Linear regressions analyzed the relationship between growth parameters (WAZ, HAZ, BAZ) and neurodevelopment.
Main Results:
- Children in the YYB intervention group showed significantly higher Mental Index (MI) and Developmental Quotient (DQ) scores, improved height, and better Body Mass Index-for-age Z-scores (BAZ), with a reduced risk of stunting.
- Accelerated weight gain and height gain between ages 1 and 5 were positively associated with higher MI.
- Higher Weight-for-age Z-scores (WAZ) and Height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ) at multiple time points (ages 1-5) correlated with increased MI and DQ scores.
Conclusions:
- Ying Yang Bao (YYB) supplementation can effectively enhance specific aspects of neurodevelopment and physical growth in preschool-aged children.
- Sustained linear growth, indicated by WAZ and HAZ, is a significant positive predictor of neurodevelopmental outcomes in early childhood.
- Early nutritional support plays a vital role in fostering both physical growth and cognitive development, highlighting the importance of interventions like YYB.
Abstract:
Background: Providing early nutritional support through Ying Yang Bao (YYB) can assist children in achieving their full developmental potential. We aimed to examine the lasting impact of YYB and how growth affects neurodevelopment in preschool children. Methods: 1104 children aged 1 year were divided into a YYB control group (YYB-CG) and a YYB intervention group (YYB-IG). Information on basic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, dietary status, YYB consumption, and neurodevelopment for these children was taken annually from 2018 to 2022 until they reached 5 years old. Confounders were well balanced using propensity score matching (PSM), and then 474 pairs of children were included in subsequent analyses. The comparison between groups was performed using t-tests or chi-square analyses. Linear regressions were used to examine the independent associations between children's dimensions (Z-score for weight relative to age [WAZ], Z-score for height relative to age [HAZ], Z-score for body mass index by age [BAZ], and conditional measures of height- and weight-based growth) and neurodevelopment. Results: Children in the YYB-IG had higher scores in the mental index (MI), the developmental quotient (DQ), height, and BAZ (p < 0.05) and had a lower risk of stunting. Accelerated weight gain from ages 1 to 5 (β (95% confidence interval [CI]): 0.26 (0.08-0.45)) and increased height gain during this period (β (95% CI): 0.68 (0.14-1.23)) were associated with greater MI. A higher WAZ was linked to increased MI at 1 year (β (95% CI): 0.89 (0.09-1.68)), 2 years (β (95% CI): 0.99 (0.20-1.78)), 3 years (β (95% CI): 0.92 (0.15-1.69)), 4 years (β (95% CI): 0.88 (0.09-1.68)), and 5 years of age (β (95% CI): 1.01 (0.28-1.74)). An increased HAZ corresponded with a higher MI score at ages 1 year (β (95% CI): 1.47 (0.75-2.20)), 2 years (β (95% CI): 1.25 (0.49-2.02)), 3 years (β (95% CI): 1.11 (0.31-1.90)), 4 years (β (95% CI): 0.93 (0.12-1.74)), and 5 years old (β (95% CI): 1.17 (0.43-1.90)); higher DQ levels were also recorded at 1 year (β (95% CI): 0.82 (0.10-1.55)) and 5 years of age (β (95% CI): 0.79 (0.06-1.51)). Conclusions: YYB can improve specific areas of neurodevelopment and growth in preschool children. Additionally, children's linear growth is positively linked to neurodevelopment in those of preschool age.
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