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Prenatal chronic inflammation and children's executive function development.

Iris Menu1, Lanxin Ji1, Christopher J Trentacosta2

  • 1Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.

Child Neuropsychology : a Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence
|November 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prenatal inflammation negatively impacts executive function (EF) development. Infant screening tools can identify at-risk children for early intervention, improving long-term outcomes.

Keywords:
Prenatal inflammationdevelopmental trajectoriesearly childhood developmentexecutive functionlatent change score model

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental neuroscience
  • Pediatric health
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Prenatal inflammation, often assessed via maternal cytokines, is linked to childhood executive function (EF) deficits.
  • Direct placental measures offer a more precise assessment of fetal inflammatory exposure.
  • Executive functions are crucial for cognitive abilities and life success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between direct placental measures of inflammation and executive function (EF) development trajectories.
  • To determine if infant screening questionnaires can predict EF outcomes in children with prenatal inflammatory exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized placental histopathology to quantify inflammation in 131 mothers, predominantly Black.
  • Tracked executive function development from 3 to 5 years of age.
  • Analyzed infant screening data (Ages & Stages Questionnaire, Infant/Toddler Sensory Profile) at 12 months for predictive value.

Main Results:

  • Placental inflammation was associated with diminished gains in EF development between ages 3 and 5.
  • Infant screening questionnaire responses at 12 months predicted subsequent EF development in children exposed to prenatal inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Direct placental inflammation assessment provides insights into EF developmental trajectories.
  • Early screening in infancy using validated tools can identify children at risk for executive function challenges due to prenatal inflammation.
  • These findings support early identification and intervention strategies for affected children.