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Guidelines for Integrating actionable A-SMART Learning Outcomes into the Backward Design Process
Carlos Kiyan Tsunami1, Aquiles Rodrigo Henríquez-Trujillo1, Karen Ferreira-Meyers2,3
1Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Antwerp, 2000, Belgium.
Mededpublish (2016)
|November 27, 2024
Summary
This guide introduces Action-SMART (A-SMART) learning outcomes, emphasizing action verbs for effective curriculum planning. Integrating A-SMART outcomes into backward design enhances educational practices and assessment alignment.
Area of Science:
- Educational Pedagogy
- Curriculum Development
- Instructional Design
Background:
- Learning outcomes are crucial for guiding educational goals.
- Backward design provides a structured curriculum planning framework.
- Integrating actionable, SMART learning outcomes into backward design requires further exploration.
Purpose of the Study:
- Introduce Action-SMART (A-SMART) learning outcomes.
- Demonstrate A-SMART outcome integration into backward design.
- Focus on outcomes beginning with action verbs.
Main Methods:
- Outline a three-stage backward design process: define results, determine evidence, plan activities.
- Emphasize starting learning outcome formulation with action verbs.
- Align outcome formulation with Stage 1 of backward design for seamless transition to Stage 2.
Main Results:
- Educators gain tools to develop effective A-SMART learning outcomes.
- The approach advances directly to Stage 2 of backward design.
- Strategies are provided for formulating Action-oriented, Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-based outcomes.
Conclusions:
- A-SMART outcomes integrated with backward design create a cohesive educational framework.
- This approach enhances learner clarity, instructor guidance, assessment effectiveness, and overall learning.
- Potential challenges in A-SMART outcome formulation are addressed, with AI tools suggested for support.
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