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Nonlinear techniques for few-mode wavefront sensors.

Jonathan Lin, Michael P Fitzgerald

|November 27, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed new nonlinear wavefront sensing methods for few-mode sensors. These techniques are adaptable and calibrated, improving phase retrieval accuracy for advanced optical systems.

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Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Wavefront Sensing
Nonlinear Optics

Background:

Traditional wavefront sensing often relies on linear approximations.
Few-mode sensors present challenges for standard linear phase retrieval techniques.
Accurate wavefront characterization is crucial for advanced optical system performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and demonstrate novel nonlinear wavefront sensing techniques for few-mode sensors.
To provide methods that are empirically calibrated and sensor-agnostic.
To enhance the accuracy and applicability of wavefront sensing in complex optical systems.

Main Methods:

Extension of linear phase retrieval to higher-order Taylor polynomials, solved via successive approximations or homotopy continuation.
Development of intensity response models using radial basis function interpolation (forward and backward models).
Application of nonlinear least-squares methods (e.g., Levenberg-Marquardt) and numerical continuation for sensor nonlinearity analysis.

Main Results:

Demonstrated nonlinear techniques in simulations using quad-cell and photonic lantern sensors.
Successfully applied numerical continuation to study sensor nonlinearity.
Empirically calibrated methods show sensor-agnostic applicability.

Conclusions:

Nonlinear wavefront sensing offers a robust alternative to linear methods for few-mode sensors.
The presented techniques are adaptable and can be extended to polychromatic systems.
These advancements improve wavefront characterization in challenging optical scenarios.