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Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Quantitative Optical Microscopy: Measurement of Cellular Biophysical Features with a Standard Optical Microscope
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Structured illumination microscopy based on Kramers-Kronig relations for quantitative phase reconstruction.

Yiran Wang, Yutong Li, Ziyang Li

    Optics Letters
    |November 27, 2024
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    Summary

    Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) now offers quantitative phase imaging using Kramers-Kronig relations (KK-SIM). This advanced technique enables high-throughput, label-free dynamic observation without extra equipment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Biomedical Imaging
    • Microscopy

    Background:

    • Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is a key super-resolution technique.
    • Coherent SIM systems can perform high-throughput imaging but lack phase information.
    • Current methods require additional tools for quantitative phase imaging in SIM.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel SIM technique for quantitative phase imaging.
    • To enable high-throughput, label-free phase imaging using existing SIM setups.
    • To overcome limitations of conventional SIM in phase data acquisition.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a Kramers-Kronig relation-based SIM (KK-SIM) technique.
    • Utilized a non-iterative approach to recover amplitude and phase from intensity images.
    • Reconstructed phase information solely from conventional SIM spatial-domain intensity images.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved quantitative phase imaging directly from SIM data.
    • Maintained SIM's high acquisition speed and reconstruction efficiency.
    • Demonstrated the ability to perform label-free, noninvasive dynamic observation.

    Conclusions:

    • KK-SIM provides a streamlined method for quantitative phase imaging with SIM.
    • The technique is compatible with standard SIM experimental setups and post-processing.
    • Enables advanced applications in high-throughput, dynamic biological imaging.