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Plasmablastic multiple myeloma presenting as a pleural mass: a diagnostic challenge
Maciej Kabat1, Vanisha Patel2, Pritish Bhattacharyya3
1Internal Medicine, Hackensack Meridian Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, USA.
BMJ Case Reports
|November 27, 2024
Summary
Plasmablastic multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare, aggressive cancer. This case highlights diagnostic challenges and the need for comprehensive evaluation to distinguish it from other malignancies.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Plasmablastic multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare and aggressive subtype of multiple myeloma.
- It is characterized by ≥2% plasmablasts in bone marrow, atypical morphology, and frequent extramedullary disease.
Observation:
- Plasmablastic MM presents diagnostic challenges due to its anaplastic features mimicking lymphomas, leukemia, and carcinomas.
- A case of a woman in her early 70s with high-risk plasmablastic MM is presented, initially suspected as metastatic lung carcinoma.
Findings:
- Accurate diagnosis requires integrating clinical, radiological, morphological, immunophenotypic, and genetic data.
- The patient presented with chronic pain and acute fracture, complicating the initial diagnostic pathway.
Implications:
- Early and accurate diagnosis of plasmablastic MM is crucial for effective treatment planning.
- Understanding its mimicry of other cancers aids clinicians in avoiding diagnostic errors and improving patient outcomes.
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