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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Diversity of Protists I01:15

Diversity of Protists I

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Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
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Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Understanding and Combatting Shigella Infections
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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Understanding and Combatting Shigella Infections

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Shigella sonnei: epidemiology, evolution, pathogenesis, resistance and host interactions.

Timothy A Scott1, Kate S Baker2,3, Caroline Trotter4,5

  • 1Cambridge Institute for Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Department of Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. tas74@cam.ac.uk.

Nature Reviews. Microbiology
|November 28, 2024
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Summary

Shigella sonnei infections are rising globally. Research using Shigella flexneri methods and genomic surveillance reveals new insights into this antimicrobial-resistant pathogen, aiding future vaccine development.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Shigella sonnei is a growing global cause of diarrhea, often overlooked compared to other Shigella species.
  • Shigella species are complex and sensitive to environmental shifts, influencing epidemiological trends.
  • Advances in understanding Shigella flexneri provide a foundation for studying S. sonnei.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on Shigella sonnei.
  • To highlight recent insights into its epidemiology, microbiology, and pathogenesis.
  • To assess the impact of new data on vaccine development and implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging established methods and data from Shigella flexneri research.
  • Utilizing genomic surveillance for insights into antimicrobial resistance, evolution, and transmission.
  • Synthesizing current scientific literature and recent findings.

Main Results:

  • Shigella sonnei is a globally disseminated, antimicrobial-resistant pathogen.
  • Genomic surveillance has illuminated its resistance patterns, evolutionary pathways, and transmission dynamics.
  • Understanding S. sonnei's complexity and environmental susceptibility is crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Recent advancements offer significant insights into Shigella sonnei.
  • Novel data are critical for developing and implementing effective vaccines.
  • Continued research is essential to combat this evolving pathogen.