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Related Concept Videos

Timing and Consequences on Behavior01:08

Timing and Consequences on Behavior

79
In operant conditioning, the timing of reinforcement is crucial. For animals like rats and cats, immediate reinforcement (within a few seconds) is much more effective than delayed reinforcement. For example, a food reward for a rat needs to follow within 30 seconds of pressing a bar to be effective. 
Humans, however, can respond to delayed reinforcers. We often make decisions between immediate small rewards and delayed larger rewards. This ability to delay gratification is a significant...
79

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Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats
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Effects of methamphetamine on delay discounting in rats using concurrent chains.

Rebecca Rose Hazel Bodeker1, Randolph C Grace2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Speech, and Hearing, 20 Kirkwood Avenue, Upper Riccarton, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand. bodekerrebecca@gmail.com.

Learning & Behavior
|November 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Acute methamphetamine reduces impulsive choice in rats by decreasing sensitivity to both reward delay and magnitude. Chronic administration showed no significant effects, suggesting short-term drug use impacts decision-making under changing conditions.

Keywords:
Acute drug administrationChronic drug administrationConcurrent chainsDelay discountingMagnitude effectMethamphetamineRapid acquisitionRats

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology

Background:

  • Stimulants impact impulsive choice in delay-discounting tasks.
  • Limited understanding exists on how stimulants affect reward magnitude's influence on discounting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate acute and chronic methamphetamine effects on rats' choice behavior.
  • Examine how methamphetamine alters delay discounting and the magnitude effect.

Main Methods:

  • Rats responded in a rapid acquisition choice task with unpredictable reward delays.
  • Methamphetamine was administered acutely and chronically in increasing doses.
  • Delay discounting and magnitude effect were assessed under varying delay and magnitude conditions.

Main Results:

  • Baseline performance showed preference for shorter delays and greater choice for larger rewards with longer delays (magnitude effect).
  • Acute methamphetamine dose-dependently decreased sensitivity to delay and the magnitude effect.
  • Chronic methamphetamine administration did not produce systematic changes in choice behavior.

Conclusions:

  • This study first reports a magnitude effect in rats using a rapid acquisition procedure.
  • Acute methamphetamine reduces the influence of changing contingencies on choice behavior.
  • Methamphetamine's impact on decision-making is dose-dependent and influenced by administration (acute vs. chronic).