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Microbial Biosensors01:17

Microbial Biosensors

Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...

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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

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Developing a biosensing prototype utilising a 7CB liquid crystal for human insulin detection.

Athul Satya1, Ayon Bhattacharjee1

  • 1Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Bijni Complex, Laitumkhrah, Shillong, Meghalaya 793003, India. ayonbh@nitm.ac.in.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|November 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel liquid crystal biosensor for detecting human insulin. The 4-heptyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile liquid crystal (7CB-LC) prototype enables label-free insulin detection with high selectivity and a low detection limit.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Human insulin is crucial for glucose regulation; its deficiency causes hyperglycemia, impacting major organs.
  • Current insulin detection methods may lack sensitivity or require labels.
  • Liquid crystals (LCs) offer potential for label-free biosensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel prototype biosensor for label-free human insulin detection.
  • To investigate the interaction between human insulin and 4-heptyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile liquid crystal (7CB-LC).
  • To determine the sensitivity and selectivity of the 7CB-LC biosensor for human insulin.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 4-heptyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile liquid crystal (7CB-LC) as the sensing material.
  • Employed polarizing optical microscopy (POM) for texture analysis of insulin-LC interactions.
  • Conducted RGB/grey index studies, molecular docking, and Raman spectroscopy for characterization.

Main Results:

  • Human insulin induced distinct textures (radial, twisted-radial, pre-radial, bipolar) in 7CB-LC.
  • Achieved a detection limit of 25 μM for human insulin.
  • Demonstrated high selectivity with an R² value of 0.97279 in correlation studies.
  • Molecular docking and Raman spectroscopy elucidated insulin-LC interaction mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • The 7CB-LC prototype shows significant potential for label-free human insulin biosensing.
  • The observed textural changes and spectroscopic data confirm the selective interaction.
  • This method offers a promising approach for visual and sensitive insulin detection.