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Summary
Preterm infants require adequate zinc and copper. A specialized formula supported zinc retention similar to in utero rates, but higher copper levels did not consistently ensure positive copper balance in preterm infants.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal nutrition
- Pediatric gastroenterology
- Mineral metabolism
Background:
- Preterm infants face risks of copper and zinc depletion.
- Bioavailable nutrient forms are crucial for postnatal development.
- In utero accretion rates serve as a benchmark for infant nutrient needs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate a whey-predominant, 50% medium chain triglyceride formula.
- To assess if the formula promotes in utero accretion rates for zinc and copper in preterm infants.
- To determine optimal zinc and copper concentrations for preterm infant nutrition.
Main Methods:
- Metabolic balance studies over 72 hours.
- Two groups of five preterm infants.
- Formula provided 12.5 mg/L zinc and either 0.9 mg/L or 2.1 mg/L copper.
- Studies conducted at average 34 weeks postconceptual age and 1,549 g weight.
Main Results:
- All infants achieved positive zinc balance.
- Nine of ten infants met the in utero zinc accretion rate.
- Positive copper balance was observed in three infants (high copper) and two (lower copper).
- Two infants in each group met the in utero copper accretion rate.
Conclusions:
- A formula with 12.5 mg/L zinc supports positive zinc balance and in utero retention rates.
- A formula with up to 2.1 mg/L copper may not consistently ensure positive copper balance.
- Further research is needed to optimize copper levels for preterm infants.