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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Examining Brain Structures and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Recovered COVID-19 Infection: A Multicenter Study

Jr-Jiun Liou, Tales Santini, Jinghang Li

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    |November 28, 2024
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    This summary is machine-generated.

    Hospitalization for COVID-19 is linked to reduced hippocampal volume and poorer cognitive function, even without significant white matter changes. These brain alterations may indicate recent lesions and atrophy in hospitalized patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) can impact brain health, with neurological manifestations observed via clinical MRI.
    • Advanced imaging like 7 Tesla (7T) MRI offers higher resolution to detect subtle brain injuries compared to 3 Tesla (3T) MRI.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare white matter hyperintensity (WMH), hippocampal subfield volumes, and cognitive function between COVID-19 patients requiring hospitalization and non-hospitalized individuals.
    • To investigate potential correlations between brain imaging findings and cognitive performance in these groups.

    Main Methods:

    • A multi-site study involving 179 participants (52 hospitalized for COVID-19, 111 non-hospitalized) who underwent 7T MRI scans and comprehensive cognitive assessments.
    • Analysis included WMH and hippocampal subfield volume measurements, corrected for intracranial volume, and statistical comparisons (Pearson correlations, unpaired t-tests).

    Main Results:

    • No significant difference in WMH volume was found between hospitalized and non-hospitalized groups.
    • Hospitalized COVID-19 patients exhibited significantly smaller hippocampal volumes (p=0.0497) and lower cognitive scores, particularly in memory and executive function tests (e.g., MoCA, Trail Making Test B, Craft Recall).

    Conclusions:

    • Hospitalization for COVID-19 is associated with reduced hippocampal volume and impaired cognitive performance compared to non-hospitalized individuals.
    • The findings suggest that WMH and hippocampal volume reductions in hospitalized patients may correlate with worse cognitive outcomes, potentially reflecting recent brain injury or atrophy.