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Fish: a new xenograft source for maxillary sinus lifting.

Emrah Soylu1, Musab Süleyman Kilavuz1, Fatih Duman2

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Summary

Fish spine grafts show promising results in sinus augmentation, matching autogenous grafts and outperforming bovine grafts in bone regeneration. This study highlights their potential for dental bone grafting procedures.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Autogenous grafts are the gold standard for intraoral bone grafting.
  • Xenogenous grafts, like bovine-derived materials, are commonly used in sinus lifts due to osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties.
  • Novel biomaterials are needed to enhance bone regeneration in sinus augmentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of fish spine-derived xenogenic grafts (fHAP) in sinus augmentation surgery.
  • To compare the bone regenerative capacity of fHAP with autogenous grafts (AG) and bovine-derived xenogenic grafts (bHAP).
  • To assess histological and micro-CT parameters of new bone formation.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study using New Zealand rabbits with sinus augmentation models.
  • Grafts used included autogenous grafts (AG), bovine-derived hydroxyapatite (bHAP), and fish spine-derived hydroxyapatite (fHAP).
  • Histological examination and Micro-CT analysis were performed at 4 and 8 weeks post-implantation to assess new bone formation and bone volume.

Main Results:

  • Histological analysis showed significant new bone formation differences at 4 weeks, with fHAP and AG outperforming bHAP.
  • At 8 weeks, no significant difference in new bone formation was observed between groups.
  • Micro-CT revealed a statistically significant difference in bone volume at 8 weeks, favoring fHAP over bHAP.

Conclusions:

  • Fish spine-derived xenogenic grafts (fHAP) demonstrate comparable bone regeneration to autogenous grafts (AG).
  • Both fHAP and AG were superior to bovine-derived hydroxyapatite (bHAP) in promoting bone regeneration in sinus augmentation.
  • Fish spine grafts represent a viable alternative for sinus lift procedures.