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Printed polylactic acid/akermanite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering; development and surface

Arab Eshagh Abadi Mostafa1, Rahmatollah Emadi1, Danial Shirali1

  • 1Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|November 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study optimized polylactic acid scaffolds with Akermanite for bone tissue engineering. The 20 wt% Akermanite composite showed enhanced cell adhesion and mechanical strength, making it ideal for bone regeneration.

Keywords:
3D printingAkermaniteAlkaline surface modificationBone tissue engineeringNanocomposite scaffoldPolylactic acid

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Bone tissue is susceptible to damage from aging, accidents, and diseases.
  • Effective bone tissue engineering requires advanced biomaterials for scaffold development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the optimal Akermanite (AK) addition to polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
  • To investigate the effects of surface modification on the properties of PLA/AK composite scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Akermanite (AK) synthesized via sol-gel method.
  • Polylactic acid (PLA) composite scaffolds with varying AK content (0-30 wt%) fabricated using fused deposition modeling (FDM).
  • Characterization using X-ray diffraction, cell viability, cell adhesion, and mechanical testing. Surface modification using sodium hydroxide.

Main Results:

  • X-ray diffraction confirmed high-purity Akermanite phase.
  • Composite scaffolds demonstrated non-toxicity and improved cell adhesion with increasing AK content.
  • Compressive strength increased with higher AK content, with 20 wt% AK recommended as optimal.

Conclusions:

  • The 20 wt% AK composite scaffold is optimal for bone tissue engineering applications.
  • Surface-modified PLA/AK scaffolds show potential for advanced medical applications in bone regeneration.
  • This research contributes to advancements in tissue engineering for improved bone treatments.