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Discovery Of A Novel Public Antibody Lineage Correlated With Inactivated Sars-cov-2 Vaccine And The Resultant Neutralization Activity.

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Discovery Of A Novel Public Antibody Lineage Correlated With Inactivated Sars-cov-2 Vaccine And The Resultant Neutralization Activity.

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Discovery of a Novel Public Antibody Lineage Correlated With Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and the Resultant

Jing Wang¹, Shuangshuang Ni¹, QianQian Chen¹

¹Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.

Journal of Medical Virology

|November 29, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The IGHV4-34 antibody lineage significantly increases after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, correlating with stronger neutralizing antibody responses and improved COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Vaccinology
Molecular Biology

Background:

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines provide 70%-95% protection against COVID-19, but some recipients exhibit inadequate immune responses, particularly insufficient neutralizing antibodies (nAbs).
Previous research identified public antibody lineages in COVID-19 patients, but their evolution post-vaccination and correlation with vaccine responses remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the dynamic changes in antibody lineages, including sequence, frequency, and neutralization ability, following inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
To identify specific antibody lineages associated with vaccine-induced immune responses and neutralization activity.

Main Methods:

Employed single B cell sequencing and next-generation sequencing analysis.
Systematically studied antibody lineages derived from different B cell germlines before and after vaccination.

Assessed antibody sequence, frequency, and neutralization ability in vaccinees.

Main Results:

The frequency of antibodies derived from the IGHV4-34 lineage increased in most individuals post-vaccination.
Higher frequencies of IGHV4-34 antibodies correlated with enhanced binding affinity.
The ratio of IGHV4-34 derived antibodies showed a stronger correlation with the neutralization activity of vaccinee immune sera compared to other public antibodies.

Conclusions:

IGHV4-34 represents a novel, vaccine-elicited public neutralizing antibody lineage.
This lineage plays a critical role in the immune response to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.