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Updated: Jun 6, 2025
Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates
Published on: November 11, 2011
Psychometric Validation of the In-Hand Manipulation Assessment
Karen P Y Liu1, Angela Chapman2, Tess L Y Tsoi3
1Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Objective:
To determine the inter-rater reliability, and criterion and discriminant validity of the In-Hand Manipulation Assessment (IHMA) with patients after stroke.
Design:
Participants were videotaped, completing the IHMA and scored by 2 blinded assessors to determine the inter-rater reliability. Stroke participants also completed the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test, and healthy participants completed the Nine-Hole Peg Test to determine the validity of the IHMA.
Setting:
Community and hospital settings.
Participants:
A total of 46 participants with 22 healthy young adults, 14 healthy older adults and 10 people with stroke.
Interventions:
Not applicable.
Main Outcome Measures:
Not applicable.
Results:
The inter-rater reliability of the IHMA was good (for all participants: intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.78-0.98, P≤.001; for stroke participants: Kappa statistics = 0.70-1.00, P≤.001). The IHMA demonstrated good discriminant validity between the healthy young adults and healthy older adults for time and completion scores (Ps=.012 and ≤.001). The criterion validity of the IHMA was moderate to good when compared with the Nine-Hole Peg Test (r = -0.45 to 0.84), but no significant correlation was found with the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test. Modifications to the IHMA tasks and instructions were made based on the performance of participants to improve its clinical utility with people after stroke.
Conclusions:
The IHMA demonstrated good inter-rater reliability, good discriminant validity, and moderate-to-good criterion validity with the Nine-Hole Peg Test. The proposed modifications to the IHMA will enhance its administration.
