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Oscillatory Traveling Waves Provide Evidence for Predictive Coding Abnormalities in Schizophrenia
Andrea Alamia1, Dario Gordillo2, Eka Chkonia3
1Cerco, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Artificial and Natural Intelligence Toulouse Institute, Toulouse, France.
Biological Psychiatry
|November 30, 2024
Summary
Schizophrenia patients exhibit altered brain wave patterns, specifically stronger top-down alpha waves at rest and stronger bottom-up waves during tasks. These findings support the predictive coding theory of schizophrenia, highlighting abnormal prior belief encoding.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Computational Psychiatry
Background:
- Psychiatric disorders' computational mechanisms are debated.
- The predictive coding framework suggests schizophrenia involves abnormal prior belief encoding and sensory inference.
Purpose of the Study:
- To test the predictive coding hypothesis in schizophrenia.
- To identify neural signatures of predictive coding using oscillatory traveling waves.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) data from 146 schizophrenia patients and 96 controls.
- Examination of neural activity during resting states and a visual backward masking task.
Main Results:
- Schizophrenia patients showed stronger top-down alpha-band traveling waves during rest, indicating potentially overly precise priors.
- Patients also exhibited stronger bottom-up alpha-band waves during a visual task, suggesting enhanced sensory precision error signaling.
Conclusions:
- Findings provide a novel spatial characterization of brain rhythms in schizophrenia as traveling waves.
- Results support the predictive coding framework and offer a new approach to understanding schizophrenia's pathophysiology.
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