Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hierarchy of Motor Control01:18

Hierarchy of Motor Control

2.5K
The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
2.5K
Schemata01:17

Schemata

61
A schema is a mental construct that organizes related concepts, allowing the brain to process information efficiently. Upon activation, schemata facilitate assumptions about people or objects.
Two types of schemata are:
61
Schemas01:42

Schemas

11.5K
A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
11.5K
Storage01:23

Storage

69
A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...
69
Statically Indeterminate Problem Solving01:16

Statically Indeterminate Problem Solving

365
Statically indeterminate problems are those where statics alone can not determine the internal forces or reactions. Consider a structure comprising two cylindrical rods made of steel and brass. These rods are joined at point B and restrained by rigid supports at points A and C. Now, the reactions at points A and C and the deflection at point B are to be determined. This rod structure is classified as statically indeterminate as the structure has more supports than are necessary for maintaining...
365
Method of Sections: Problem Solving II01:30

Method of Sections: Problem Solving II

936
Consider an arbitrary truss structure composed of diagonal, vertical, and horizontal members fixed to the wall. To calculate the force acting on members CB, GB, and GH, method of sections can be used. The loads and lengths of the horizontal and vertical members are known parameters, as shown in the figure.
936

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A wireless subdural-contained brain-computer interface with 65,536 electrodes and 1,024 channels.

Nature electronics·2026
Same author

A folk taxonomy of magic.

Cognition·2026
Same author

A reporting checklist for large language models in behavioural science.

Nature human behaviour·2026
Same author

AI-Discovered Cognitive Models Reveal Novel Insights into Human and Animal Learning.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Developmental Change in Structure Learning Reflects a Shift From Recency-Based to Relational Prediction.

Developmental science·2026
Same author

Resolving Feynman's restaurant problem reveals optimal solutions and human strategies.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Curation of Computational Chemical Libraries Demonstrated with Alpha-Amino Acids
08:21

Curation of Computational Chemical Libraries Demonstrated with Alpha-Amino Acids

Published on: April 13, 2022

2.6K

Exploring the hierarchical structure of human plans via program generation.

Carlos G Correa1, Sophia Sanborn2, Mark K Ho3

  • 1Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, USA.

Cognition
|December 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Humans plan actions hierarchically, balancing fewer steps with shorter programs. However, they also show a preference for reusing action sequences, a factor not fully explained by existing models.

Keywords:
ChunkingHierarchical reinforcement learningPlanningProgram induction

More Related Videos

Automated Robotic Liquid Handling Assembly of Modular DNA Devices
11:22

Automated Robotic Liquid Handling Assembly of Modular DNA Devices

Published on: December 1, 2017

12.3K
The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy
11:53

The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy

Published on: October 14, 2017

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Curation of Computational Chemical Libraries Demonstrated with Alpha-Amino Acids
08:21

Curation of Computational Chemical Libraries Demonstrated with Alpha-Amino Acids

Published on: April 13, 2022

2.6K
Automated Robotic Liquid Handling Assembly of Modular DNA Devices
11:22

Automated Robotic Liquid Handling Assembly of Modular DNA Devices

Published on: December 1, 2017

12.3K
The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy
11:53

The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy

Published on: October 14, 2017

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Human behavior is often conceptualized as hierarchical, with abstract actions decomposing into concrete ones.
  • Inferring behavioral hierarchy is challenging due to action measurement as simple sequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how humans form hierarchically structured plans.
  • To test principles of utility maximization and minimum description length (MDL) in hierarchical planning.
  • To develop a model explaining the human preference for action reuse in planning.

Main Methods:

  • An experimental paradigm using a programming language with explicit hierarchical structure.
  • Participants created programs to generate action sequences.
  • Analysis of program metrics including action count and program length (MDL).

Main Results:

  • Humans consider both utility maximization (fewer actions) and MDL (shorter programs).
  • Existing models fail to predict the observed human preference for program reuse.
  • A novel generative model incorporating grammar induction explains the preference for reuse.

Conclusions:

  • Human hierarchical planning involves more than just minimizing actions or program length.
  • A preference for reusing action sequences is a key principle in human hierarchical planning.
  • The proposed generative model provides a more accurate prediction of human planning behavior.