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Suicides and Overdoses at Work: Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 2011-2022.

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Workplace overdose fatalities surged 560% from 2011-2022, while suicides remained stable. These trends highlight critical public health issues in the American workforce needing immediate attention.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Public Health Surveillance
  • Societal Determinants of Health

Background:

  • Declining life expectancy in middle-aged White Americans linked to suicides and substance overdoses.
  • Work is a significant social determinant of health, yet its role in this demographic trend is understudied.
  • This study examines workplace suicides and overdose fatalities in the U.S. from 2011-2022.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize trends in U.S. workplace suicides and overdose fatalities.
  • To analyze demographic and occupational disparities in these fatal events.
  • To inform public health interventions addressing workplace safety and substance use.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injury database.
  • Calculated fatality rates using the Current Population Survey.
  • Employed auto-regressive linear regression to model annual trends, accounting for serial correlation.

Main Results:

  • Workplace overdose fatalities increased by 560% (0.05 to 0.33 per 100,000 workers) between 2011 and 2022.
  • Workplace suicide rates remained relatively stable during the same period (0.19 to 0.17 per 100,000 workers).
  • Transportation/warehousing and farming/fishing/forestry sectors showed the highest overdose fatality rates.

Conclusions:

  • Workplace suicides and overdoses exhibit distinct trends and differential impacts across industries and occupations.
  • The escalating rate of workplace overdoses necessitates urgent public health intervention and attention.
  • Understanding these trends is crucial for mitigating the impact of societal factors on workforce health.