Effect of temperature on surface fluid sediment properties with cyanobacterial bloom biomass accumulation

In eutrophic shallow lakes, cyanobacterial blooms will occur frequently and then settle into sediment, leading the formation of fluid sediment. Several factors including temperature can influence surface sediment properties. In this study, the influence of temperatures on surface sediment properties was determined in microcosm experiments through monitoring sediment physicochemical and rheological properties. During one-month incubation, it was found that surface sediment density and water content varied exponentially with increase in temperatures from 10 to 35 ℃. The results of particle size distribution indicated that cyanobacterial blooms biomass (CBB) degradation in sediment led to sediment flocculation and agglomeration. In the meantime, there were high ratios polysaccharide/protein in extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), which enhanced the sediment particle agglomeration. Further, the yield stress in rheological test for sediment with (R² = 0.97) and without (R² = 0.85) CBB presented an exponential decay with increase in temperatures. And a threshold value at 20 ℃ for sediment critical shear stress (τ_cr) indicated that sediment could be resuspended easier when temperature was more than 20 ℃. Altogether, this study showed that the increase in temperatures with a threshold at 20 ℃, can cause sediment particle flocculation, resulting in a loose and fragile structure. And the results would be helpful to sediment management considering environmental effects of sediment suspension for eutrophication shallow lakes.