Carbon dioxide reduction through mineral carbonation by steel slag

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) mineralization technology has attracted significant attention, due to the synergistic terminal treatment of CO₂ and industrial waste. The combined CO₂ mineralization process with steel enterprises is a promising route to simultaneously address CO₂ emissions and SS treatment. Recently, a serial of the relevant work focus on a single type of steel slag (SS), and the understanding of CO₂ absorption by mineralization of various SS is very lacking. Meanwhile, it is urgent requirement for systematic summary and discussion on how to make full use of the mineralized products produced after the mineralization of CO₂ in SS. This review aims to investigate the progress of CO₂ mineralization using SS, including the potential applications of mineralization products, as well as the environmental impact and risk assessment of mineralization product applications. Currently, the application of SS mineralization products is primarily focused on their use as construction materials with low economic value. With usage of the mineralization products for ecological restoration (e.g. sandy soil remediation) was treated as an advanced route, but still remaining challenge in functional materials preparation, and its technical economy and possible hazards need to be further explored by long-term experimental tests.