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Related Concept Videos

Microbial Fermentation01:23

Microbial Fermentation

Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes03:08

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In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
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Fermentation01:29

Fermentation

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Most eukaryotic organisms require oxygen to survive and function adequately. Such organisms produce large amounts of energy during aerobic respiration by metabolizing glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water. However, most eukaryotes can generate some energy in the absence of oxygen by anaerobic metabolism.
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Fates of Pyruvate01:20

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Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, where glucose is oxidized to pyruvate, simultaneously reducing NAD+ to NADH. Two molecules of ATP are also produced by substrate-level phosphorylation.
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Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide02:44

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

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Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
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Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

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Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
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Light-Controlled Fermentations for Microbial Chemical and Protein Production
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Selective light-driven methane oxidation to ethanol.

Fei Xue1,2, Chunyang Zhang3, Cheng Cheng4

  • 1i-lab of Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China.

Nature Communications
|December 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel method for converting methane to ethanol using solar energy. The new catalyst efficiently upgrades methane into valuable chemicals, offering a sustainable solution.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis
  • Renewable Energy

Background:

  • Methane upgrading to value-added chemicals, particularly C2 products, is crucial but faces challenges in energy/mass transfer and driving force.
  • Existing single photochemical processes for methane conversion are inefficient.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a solar-driven method for methane oxidation to ethanol.
  • To overcome the limitations of single photochemical processes by integrating photothermal effects and photocatalysis.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of crystalline carbon nitride (CCN) modified with Cu9S5 and Cu single atoms (Cu9S5/Cu-CCN).
  • Utilizing in-situ characterizations to understand the reaction mechanism.
  • Employing theoretical calculations to analyze energy barriers.

Main Results:

  • Cu9S5 acts as a photothermal hotspot, converting solar energy to heat.
  • Cu single atoms facilitate O2 reduction, while Cu9S5 aids CH4 adsorption, activation, and C-C coupling.
  • The catalyst demonstrated high ethanol productivity (549.7 μmol g-1 h-1) and selectivity (94.8%).

Conclusions:

  • The integrated photothermal and photocatalytic system effectively converts methane to ethanol.
  • Cu9S5/Cu-CCN significantly reduces the C-C coupling energy barrier.
  • This work offers a sustainable pathway for converting methane into valuable chemicals.