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Bloodless Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy Assisted by Bipolar Radiofrequency Excision Hemostatic Device
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A Rare Complication of Atraumatic Splenic Rupture in Infectious Mononucleosis: A Case Report.

Paschalis Gavriilidis1, Pantelis Xanthakos1

  • 1Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Syros, "Vardakeio and Proïo", Hermoupolis, Syros, Greece.

British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England : 2005)
|December 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Atraumatic splenic rupture is a rare but serious condition. Prompt splenectomy is crucial for patients presenting with abdominal pain, left shoulder tip pain, and indicative laboratory findings.

Keywords:
atraumatic splenic rupturecase reportinfectious mononucleosisspleenspontaneous

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Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Surgery
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Atraumatic splenic rupture is a rare, potentially life-threatening event.
  • It is typically associated with underlying pathological conditions.
  • Splenic rupture occurs in only 0.1%-0.5% of infectious mononucleosis cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of atraumatic splenic rupture.
  • To present a mini-review of the international literature on the topic.

Main Methods:

  • A case report of a 30-year-old male with acute cholecystitis.
  • Diagnostic evaluations included laboratory tests and computed tomography (CT).
  • The patient underwent a total splenectomy.

Main Results:

  • CT revealed hepatosplenomegaly, hemoperitoneum, and spleen rupture.
  • The patient presented with abdominal rigidity, left shoulder tip pain, and lymphadenopathy.
  • Postoperative recovery was uneventful, with discharge on the sixth day.

Conclusions:

  • Spontaneous splenic rupture should be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients without trauma history.
  • Key indicators include abdominal and left shoulder tip pain.
  • Low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are significant laboratory findings.