Problem-Based Learning in North American Primary Care Postgraduate Medical Education: A Rapid Review

Area of Science:

• Medical Education
• Primary Care Training

Background:

• Problem-based learning (PBL) is widely used in undergraduate medical education (UGME).
• Its application and efficacy in postgraduate medical education (PGME), particularly in primary care, are less defined.
• This review addresses the knowledge gap regarding PBL in primary care PGME.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the use and efficacy of PBL in primary care PGME.
• To interpret findings using the Kirkpatrick model.
• To identify benefits of PBL for primary care residents.

Main Methods:

• A literature search was conducted using PubMed.
• 17 articles focusing on primary care PGME learners in PBL were selected.
• Learner-led PBL sessions were a key inclusion criterion.

Main Results:

• Learners reported overwhelming satisfaction with PBL.
• Increased confidence and comfort in subject areas were commonly reported.
• Over half of studies indicated increased comfort in patient diagnosis, prescription, and management.

Conclusions:

• PBL is suitable for primary care PGME, extending positive UGME findings.
• Learner satisfaction, confidence, and perceived knowledge gain are key benefits.
• PBL shows potential for improving clinical skills in primary care residents.