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Comparison of the Effects of Long-term Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Modalities on Left Ventricular Functions

Mehmet Usta1, Selma Kenar Tiryakioğlu2, Alparslan Ersoy3,4

  • 1Department of Nephrology, University of Health Sciences, Bursa City Training and Research Hospital, 16140 Bursa, Turkey.

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine
|December 2, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is linked to higher rates of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and hypertrophy compared to hemodialysis (HD) in long-term dialysis patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) impact left ventricular hemodynamics.
  • Understanding the differential effects of CAPD and HD on cardiac function is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of CAPD and HD on left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions.
  • To evaluate left ventricular hypertrophy and geometry in patients undergoing long-term dialysis.

Main Methods:

  • Echocardiography was used to assess left ventricular functions, hypertrophy, and geometry.
  • 47 long-term dialysis patients (24 CAPD, 23 HD) were included.

Main Results:

  • CAPD patients showed significantly higher left ventricular muscle mass, mass index, E/e' ratios, and global longitudinal strain.
  • Diastolic dysfunction (66.7% vs. 26.1%) and left ventricular hypertrophy (91.7% vs. 60.9%) were more prevalent in the CAPD group.
  • CAPD, abnormal global longitudinal strain, and increased serum calcium were associated with increased diastolic dysfunction risk.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term CAPD is associated with significantly higher rates of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
  • Deterioration in left ventricular geometry is more pronounced in patients on long-term CAPD compared to HD.
Abstract

Keywords:
chronic kidney failurediastolic dysfunctionechocardiographyhemodialysisleft ventricular hypertrophyperitoneal dialysis

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