Clinical Characteristics and Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Rhabdomyolysis in Snakebite Victims.
Fu-Zhen Wang1, Shi-Hong Xiang1,2, Sen-Qing Lin1
1Department of Nephrology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, Fujian 364000, People's Republic of China.
International Journal of General Medicine
|December 2, 2024
Summary
Snakebite victims with rhabdomyolysis (RM) face severe conditions and higher mortality. Delayed treatment and low hemoglobin are key risk factors for RM after snakebites.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Clinical Medicine
- Nephrology
Background:
- Rhabdomyolysis (RM) is a serious complication of snakebites.
- Understanding risk factors is crucial for timely intervention and improved outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the risk factors associated with rhabdomyolysis in snakebite victims.
- To enhance the understanding of clinical characteristics and prognostic outcomes in RM patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 209 snakebite victims.
- Statistical analysis and logistic regression to identify risk factors.
- Comparison of clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes between RM and non-RM (NRM) groups.
Main Results:
- RM group showed elevated creatine kinase, CK isoenzyme MB, and lactate dehydrogenase.
- RM patients had higher rates of osteofascial compartment syndrome, MODS, and acute kidney injury.
- Visitation beyond 6 hours and hemoglobin <90 mg/dl were independent RM risk factors; female gender and albumin >40 g/L were protective.
Conclusions:
- Snakebite victims with RM present with more severe clinical conditions.
- RM necessitates prolonged treatment and is associated with increased mortality.
- Identifying risk factors aids in managing severe snakebite envenomation.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:14Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison
782
In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
782
01:30Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management
93
Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
93
01:26Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment
790
Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
790
01:21Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects
335
Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
Unlike...
Unlike...
335
01:26Toxic Reactions: Overview
947
When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
947
01:24Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct
789
The renal tubule is divided into three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the Loop of Henle (LOH), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
789