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Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Microfluidic Mixers for Studying Protein Folding
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Reverse Wafer Procedure.

Ismail Bulent Ozcelik1, Ali Cavit2, Aydin Yuceturk3

  • 1Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery Unit, Yeniyuzyıl University, Gaziosmanpasa Hospital, El Istanbul Hand and Microsurgery Group, Nişantaşı University Faculty of Health Sciences Dean, Istanbul, Turkey.

Journal of Wrist Surgery
|December 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The reverse wafer procedure offers a promising alternative for treating ulnar impaction syndrome, significantly improving grip strength and reducing pain. This technique shows positive mid-term outcomes for patients with an intact triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC).

Keywords:
TFCCulnar impactionulnar shorteningwafer procedurewrist arthroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Hand and Wrist Surgery
  • Musculoskeletal Research

Background:

  • Ulnar impaction syndrome causes persistent ulnar-sided wrist pain.
  • Nonoperative treatments are often insufficient for this condition.
  • An intact triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is a key factor in treatment selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical outcomes of the "reverse wafer procedure" for ulnar impaction syndrome.
  • To assess the mid-term efficacy of this alternative surgical technique.
  • To compare pre- and postoperative functional measures and patient satisfaction.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 14 patients with ulnar impaction syndrome treated between 2013-2020.
  • Inclusion criteria: persistent pain, chondral lesion on the lunate, and intact TFCC.
  • Outcomes measured: range of motion, grip strength, Quick DASH, VAS pain scores, and patient satisfaction.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvement in grip strength (p=0.003) and reduction in VAS pain scores (p<0.001).
  • Mean VAS score decreased from 6.1 to 0.9; mean Quick DASH score decreased from 49.44 to 10.13.
  • 13 out of 14 patients reported high satisfaction with the procedure.

Conclusions:

  • The reverse wafer procedure is a viable alternative treatment for ulnar impaction syndrome when the TFCC is intact.
  • Promising mid-term clinical outcomes suggest effectiveness.
  • Further comparative studies with longer follow-up are recommended.