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Host Genetic Variations and Their Implications on HBV and HCV Infection in the Iranian Population: A Comprehensive

Asma Khorshid Shamshiri1, Forouzan Amerizadeh2,3, Zahra Nasrpour Navaei1

  • 1Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Public Health
|December 2, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Host genetic variations influence the risk of Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) infections in Iran. Immune factor gene polymorphisms, particularly in interleukins, are linked to susceptibility to these viral hepatitis infections.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Immunology
  • Hepatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis virus infections (HBV, HCV) are significant global health concerns, leading to cirrhosis and liver cancer.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a connection between host genetic variations and susceptibility to viral hepatitis.
  • Understanding these genetic links is crucial for public health strategies in Iran.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review existing research on host genomic variations and their impact on viral hepatitis risk in the Iranian population.
  • To identify specific genes, polymorphisms, and molecular pathways associated with HBV and HCV susceptibility in Iran.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of Persian and English case-control studies published up to June 2023, adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Independent review of articles by two authors, with final consensus by a third author.
  • Utilized Gene Ontology (GO) and STRING databases for pathway and protein interaction analysis.

Main Results:

  • Seventy studies were included, with 53 focusing on Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and HBV risk.
  • 25 genes and 44 SNPs were identified, with Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha, Interleukin 28B, and Interleukin 10 being frequently studied.
  • Polymorphisms in genes encoding immune factors, cytokines, interleukins, and their receptors were prevalent, particularly within the interleukin family.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic polymorphisms in immune-related genes (cytokines, interleukins, receptors) are associated with HBV and HCV infection risk in Iranians.
  • Extracellular and intracellular signaling pathways play a significant role in determining susceptibility to these viral hepatitis infections.
Abstract

Keywords:
Genetic variationHepatitis virusPolymorphism

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