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Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

447
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
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Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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Dementia01:30

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Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
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Hybrid PET/MRI Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease Based on 18F-AV-1451
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Diagnosing Alzheimer Disease.

Gregory S Day

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This review outlines Alzheimer disease (AD) progression and risk factors for neurologists. Early diagnosis of AD is crucial for effective treatment decisions, especially with new therapies available.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Neuroscience
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid plaques and tau tangles, leading to neuronal dysfunction and cognitive decline.
    • Understanding the natural history and risk factors of AD is essential for timely diagnosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide neurologists with a comprehensive review of Alzheimer disease (AD).
    • To enable clinicians to identify patients with AD based on symptoms, signs, and diagnostic findings.
    • To support therapeutic decision-making with accurate diagnostic information.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current literature on Alzheimer disease (AD) natural history, risk factors, and neuropathology.
    • Discussion of diagnostic criteria and clinical presentation of symptomatic AD.
    • Emphasis on a pragmatic approach to diagnosis and staging of cognitive impairment.

    Main Results:

    • Neuropathologic changes in AD involve the accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau tangles.
    • Cognitive impairment in AD progresses with synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss.
    • A structured diagnostic approach aids in identifying and staging AD patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective diagnosis of AD is critical, particularly with emerging disease-modifying therapies.
    • Neurologists can utilize knowledge of AD progression and diagnostic findings to identify affected patients.
    • A systematic approach to diagnosis facilitates appropriate patient management and treatment selection.