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Humanitarian forensic medicine: a systematic review.

Ioannis Ketsekioulafis¹, Konstantinos Katsos¹, Christoforos Kolentinis¹

¹Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str. 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece.

International Journal of Legal Medicine

|December 2, 2024

Summary

Humanitarian Forensic Action (HFA) applies forensic science to humanitarian crises like disasters and pandemics. This review synthesizes literature on HFA, aiming to increase awareness and adoption of this vital forensic discipline.

Keywords:

Assault Disaster medicine Forensic medicine Human rights Humanitarian forensic action Identification International Humanitarian Law Torture

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Area of Science:

Forensic Science
International Humanitarian Law
Human Rights Law

Background:

International crises including natural disasters, pandemics (e.g., COVID-19, Ebola), and mass migration present complex legal and humanitarian challenges.
Forensic Medicine plays a crucial role in addressing these challenges, bridging domestic and international legal frameworks.
The field of Humanitarian Forensic Action (HFA) emerged to systematically apply forensic expertise to humanitarian endeavors.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and present the international literature on Humanitarian Forensic Action (HFA) as a distinct forensic discipline.
To enhance awareness of HFA among forensic practitioners.
To promote the broader adoption and future development of HFA within forensic sciences.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of international literature pertaining to Humanitarian Forensic Action (HFA).
Analysis of HFA's scope, including its application in crisis management and investigations.
Examination of HFA's role in identifying deceased individuals and managing mass disaster events.

Main Results:

HFA encompasses the identification of deceased individuals and human remains, mass disaster management, and investigations into abuse and torture.
The field also addresses the significant psychosocial impacts of humanitarian crises on affected populations.
This review is the first systematic study to comprehensively present the various branches of HFA concurrently.

Conclusions:

Humanitarian Forensic Action (HFA) is a critical and specialized branch of forensic science.
Increased awareness and adoption of HFA are essential for effective humanitarian response and legal accountability.
Further development and integration of HFA into forensic practice will strengthen its contribution to international law and human rights.