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Addressing the 2050 demand for terrestrial animal source food
1Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.
Summary
Reducing emissions from animal-source foods is crucial, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Improving livestock practices and exploring affordable alternative proteins are key strategies for sustainable food production.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Environmental Science
- Food Science
Background:
- Terrestrial animal-source foods (TASF) have high emissions intensity.
- Demand for TASF is projected to increase in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC).
- LMIC will house 86% of the global population by 2050, contributing significantly to emissions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore strategies for reducing the environmental impact of food production.
- To assess the potential of alternative proteins and improved livestock practices in LMIC.
- To consider the economic and social sustainability of food production shifts.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of emissions intensity of TASF.
- Review of projected TASF demand in LMIC.
- Evaluation of interventions like genetic improvement, feed practices, and livestock health.
- Assessment of alternative protein market location and affordability.
Main Results:
- Genetic improvement offers permanent and cumulative productivity enhancements in livestock.
- Affordability is a major barrier for alternative protein adoption, with 42% globally unable to afford a healthy diet.
- Most alternative protein companies are located in high-income countries, misaligned with demand and emissions hotspots.
Conclusions:
- Cost-effective interventions in LMIC, including genetic, feed, and health practices, are vital for reducing livestock emissions.
- Alternative proteins may supplement food needs, but price and accessibility are critical for widespread adoption.
- A holistic approach considering environmental, economic, and social impacts is necessary for sustainable food system transitions, acknowledging livestock's role in livelihoods.
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