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Patient-derived tumor organoids: A preclinical platform for personalized cancer therapy

Sebastien Taurin1, Reem Alzahrani1, Sahar Aloraibi1

  • 1Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Disorders, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.

Translational Oncology
|December 2, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) offer a personalized approach to cancer research by mirroring patient tumors. While challenges exist, PDTOs show promise in predicting patient drug response and advancing clinical trials.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Translational Cancer Research

Background:

  • Patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) are innovative models derived from patient tumors.
  • PDTOs replicate the genetic and molecular profiles of original tumors, aiding in personalized medicine.
  • Establishment success rates for PDTOs are variable, influenced by cancer type, tissue quality, and culture media.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of PDTOs in cancer research and personalized medicine.
  • To discuss the potential and challenges associated with PDTOs in studying tumor biology and drug responses.
  • To explore the correlation between PDTOs and patient outcomes in clinical settings.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing patient-derived tumor samples for organoid culture.
  • Characterizing organoid genetic and molecular properties.
  • Assessing drug responses in PDTOs and correlating with patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • PDTOs successfully retain key characteristics of the parent tumors.
  • Variability in PDTO establishment success is noted, requiring standardized protocols.
  • Emerging studies demonstrate a correlation between PDTO drug response and patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • PDTOs are valuable tools for personalized cancer therapy research.
  • Standardization and validation are crucial for reliable clinical interpretation of PDTO data.
  • Integration of PDTOs into clinical trials can accelerate the development of novel cancer treatments.
Keywords:
BiobankingCancer stem cellsClinical trialDrug sensitivityOrganoidTranslational medicine

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