Qualitative Exploration of Contraceptive Knowledge in Men and Women

The level of knowledge about contraceptives overall is low in the United States. This qualitative study adds to the literature that explores gendered differences in contraceptive knowledge. Specifically, we examined knowledge regarding different contraceptive methods, directions on use, mechanism of action, efficacy, and adverse effects. We also looked at men's perspectives on their partner's knowledge.

Participants were interviewed at a Planned Parenthood Association of Utah clinic. They were asked about contraception knowledge, attitudes, and male involvement in contraceptive decision making. In this secondary analysis, we reanalyzed codes that were previously identified under primary analysis for specific content about contraceptive knowledge and differences by sex.

We found an overall low level of knowledge about contraceptives, particularly in men as compared with women. Men often overestimate their female partners' knowledge. Men were more likely to understand how to use methods that require their direct participation. Although women's contraceptive knowledge was better than that of the male participants, it was still poor overall.

A low level of knowledge about contraceptives is associated with increased rates of unintended pregnancy. This study demonstrates a need for improved education about contraception. Given the impact of male opinion in contraceptive use, efforts to increase their knowledge could be important interventions to increase contraceptive uptake.