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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
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A Spheroid Killing Assay by CAR T Cells
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RORing CAR T Cells in Solid and Hematologic Cancers: Same but Different.

Sebastian Kobold1,2,3

  • 1Division of Clinical Pharmacology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.

Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research
|December 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A phase I clinical study found that anti-ROR1 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells were safe for patients with certain cancers. The CAR T-cell therapy showed activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia but limited efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer and triple-negative breast cancer.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Cellular Therapy

Background:

  • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a promising approach for cancer treatment.
  • ROR1 is a target antigen expressed on various cancer cells, including leukemia and solid tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of anti-ROR1 CAR T cells in a phase I clinical trial.
  • To assess the activity of anti-ROR1 CAR T cells in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, and triple-negative breast cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Phase I clinical trial design.
  • Administration of anti-ROR1 CAR T cells to patients.
  • Assessment of safety, tolerability, and preliminary anti-tumor activity.

Main Results:

  • The anti-ROR1 CAR T-cell product was safely administered to patients.
  • The therapy demonstrated activity in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
  • Limited activity was observed in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and triple-negative breast cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Anti-ROR1 CAR T-cell therapy is safe and shows potential in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
  • Further investigation is warranted to optimize efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer and triple-negative breast cancer.