Immune thrombocytopenia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a common hematological manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The diversity of its clinical features and treatment responses may reveal the complex pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease. To enhance the therapeutic response rate and improve the prognosis for SLE patients with concurrent ITP, while reducing adverse events during the treatment process, it is crucial to accurately identify and apply clinical parameters to predict patients' responses to treatment. In addition to conventional therapeutic approaches such as glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), a range of emerging therapies are gradually becoming the focus of research. These innovative therapeutic strategies include thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs), targeted therapies against B-cells, and plasma cell-targeted treatments. With a deepening understanding of the role of platelets in immune and inflammatory responses, novel platelet-targeted therapeutic agents in the field of SLE-ITP treatment may demonstrate significant potential. Despite this, to ensure the clinical efficacy and safety of these therapeutic approaches, we must rely on rigorously designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for further validation. This article provides a systematic review of the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and conducts a comprehensive overview of current treatment strategies. The article also provides an in-depth exploration of the key biomarkers that may influence the therapeutic response in SLE-ITP patients. This comprehensive analysis aims to elucidate the factors that potentially affect the efficacy of treatments and contribute to a more personalized approach to patient care.