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Rhinovirus infection presenting with acute myocarditis with complete heart block in a child: a case report

Rattakarn Yuwattana1, Kunthika Singhasee1, Kwannapas Saengsin1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chaing Mai, Thailand.

Cardiology in the Young
|December 4, 2024
PubMed

Insights

A pediatric case of acute myocarditis caused by rhinovirus infection in a 9-year-old boy led to complete heart block. Comprehensive treatment and extended follow-up are crucial for managing pediatric myocarditis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Acute myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the heart muscle.
  • Rhinovirus infections are common and can rarely lead to severe cardiac complications in children.
  • Complete heart block is a serious arrhythmia requiring intensive management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of pediatric acute myocarditis.
  • To highlight rhinovirus as a potential causative agent.
  • To emphasize the management of complete heart block in this context.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 9-year-old male patient.
  • Clinical presentation and diagnostic workup.
  • Description of intensive care management including medical and temporary pacing.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with acute myocarditis and complete heart block secondary to rhinovirus infection.
  • Despite aggressive treatment, initial instability was observed.
  • Gradual improvement occurred over five days in the pediatric cardiac intensive care unit, with sustained recovery over six months.

Conclusions:

  • Rhinovirus can cause severe myocarditis with complete heart block in children.
  • Prompt and aggressive management is essential for improving outcomes.
  • Long-term follow-up is critical for pediatric patients with myocarditis.

Keywords:
acute myocarditiscardiac MRIcomplete heart blockrhinovirus infection

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