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Effect of Loading Angles on Abutment Screw Loosening: In Vitro Study
Fei Sun1, Li-Bing Xu1, Zeng Lin1
1School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research
|December 4, 2024
Summary
Smaller taper abutment screws offer better resistance to loosening in dental implants. Increased external load angles negatively impact screw stability, raising stress and strain.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Implantology
- Mechanical Engineering
Background:
- Abutment screw loosening is a prevalent issue affecting dental implant longevity.
- Optimizing biomechanical performance is crucial for successful long-term dental implant outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of abutment screw taper design on loosening.
- To evaluate the effect of varying external load angles on abutment screw stability.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication and testing of abutment screws with different taper angles (30°, 60°, 90°, 180°).
- Dynamic loosening tests were performed at diverse loading angles (15°, 30°, 45°).
- Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was employed to assess stress and strain distributions.
Main Results:
- Abutment screws with smaller tapers showed higher loosening torque values.
- Larger taper abutment screws achieved higher preload.
- Increased loading angles correlated with decreased loosening torque and elevated screw stress/strain.
Conclusions:
- Smaller taper abutment screws demonstrate enhanced resistance to loosening.
- Higher external load angles significantly reduce the anti-loosening performance of abutment screws.
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