Research Progress in Isotope Labeling/Tags-Based Protein Quantification and Metrology Technologies.

Area of Science:

• Proteomics
• Analytical Chemistry
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantitative analysis is crucial in biology, medicine, and food safety.
• Advanced liquid chromatography-MS (LC-MS) and automated data processing enable sensitive analysis of thousands of proteins and peptides.
• Conventional quantification methods face limitations in precision, coverage, and resilience due to analytical environment and analyte characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review leading strategies and techniques for MS-based protein quantification.
• To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various quantification approaches.
• To provide an overview of protein metrology development.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on MS-based protein quantification.
• Analysis of sample preparation methods, including stable isotopic labeling and isobaric tagging.
• Discussion of protein metrology advancements.

Main Results:

• Dozens of specialized sample preparation methods have been developed.
• Various labeling strategies (stable isotopic labeling, isobaric tagging) offer distinct characteristics.
• The review synthesizes current knowledge on MS-based protein quantification techniques.

Conclusions:

• Specially designed sample preparation approaches are essential for optimizing MS-based protein quantification.
• Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of different methods is key to selecting the appropriate strategy.
• Advancements in protein metrology are crucial for enhancing the reliability and accuracy of quantitative proteomics.