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Lichen Planopilaris in Children: A Systematic Review
Małgorzata Papierzewska1, Anna Waśkiel-Burnat1, Lidia Rudnicka1
1Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Pediatric Dermatology
|December 4, 2024
Summary
Pediatric lichen planopilaris (LPP) presents with scarring and inflammation, often diagnosed via trichoscopy and biopsy. Treatments including corticosteroids and other agents show effectiveness in children with this rare scarring alopecia.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Pediatric Dermatology
- Trichology
Background:
- Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is a primary scarring alopecia, most common in adults but also affecting children.
- Understanding pediatric LPP is crucial for early diagnosis and management of hair loss in young individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the clinical, trichoscopic, and histopathologic features of pediatric lichen planopilaris.
- To discuss therapeutic management strategies for LPP in children and adolescents.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review conducted following PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO databases, with the last search on June 18, 2024.
- Analyzed 12 studies encompassing 20 pediatric cases.
Main Results:
- Male predominance noted in pediatric LPP.
- Common clinical signs include scarring, perifollicular erythema, scaling, plugging, atrophy, and hyperkeratotic papules, primarily on the vertex.
- Key trichoscopic findings: scaling, blue-gray dots, perifollicular erythema, absent follicular ostia. Histopathology shows perifollicular fibrosis, lymphocytic inflammation, pigment incontinence, and dermal scarring.
- Positive treatment responses observed with corticosteroids, methotrexate, pioglitazone, and tocilizumab.
Conclusions:
- Lichen planopilaris is an uncommon cause of scarring alopecia in the pediatric population.
- Consider LPP in the differential diagnosis of patchy hair loss in children.
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