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Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Developmental Characteristics of High-Risk Infants According to the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler

Ju-Young Park1, Nam-Hae Jung2

  • 1Department of Occupational Therapy, Kyungnam College of Information & Techonology, Busan, Republic of Korea.

Child: Care, Health and Development
|December 4, 2024
PubMed

Insights

High-risk infants born preterm showed lower developmental scores, particularly in language, compared to full-term infants. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-Third Edition (Bayley-III) effectively screens for developmental delays in these infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal development
  • Pediatric developmental assessment
  • High-risk infant care

Background:

  • Infants with birth and perinatal risk factors require careful developmental monitoring.
  • Gestational age is a critical factor influencing infant development.
  • Standardized developmental assessments are crucial for identifying potential delays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine developmental characteristics of high-risk infants based on gestational age.
  • To evaluate the clinical utility of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-Third Edition (Bayley-III) in this population.
  • To assess cognitive, language, and motor development in relation to gestational age.

Main Methods:

  • 100 high-risk infants under 12 months corrected age were assessed using the Bayley-III.
  • Infants were categorized into high-risk full-term, moderate-to-late preterm, and very preterm groups.
  • Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and chi-squared tests.

Main Results:

  • Moderate-to-late preterm infants showed average cognitive, language, and motor scores.
  • High-risk full-term and very preterm infants exhibited below-average scores across all domains.
  • Significant differences were observed in the language domain, especially expressive language, correlating with gestational age.

Conclusions:

  • The Bayley-III is a valuable tool for screening developmental delays in high-risk infants under 12 months.
  • Developmental trajectories vary significantly based on gestational age, with preterm infants facing greater challenges.
  • Close follow-up and ongoing evaluation are essential for high-risk infants to monitor developmental progress.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bayley Scale of Infant and Toddler–IIIdevelopmentgestational agehigh‐risk infant

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