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Inborn Errors of Metabolism01:20

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

127
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...
127

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Molecular and Clinical Characterization of a Founder Mutation Causing G6PC3 Deficiency.

Xin Zhen1,2, Michael J Betti1,3, Meltem Ece Kars4

  • 1Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Journal of Clinical Immunology
|December 4, 2024
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Summary

A G6PC3 gene mutation common in Mexicans causes severe congenital neutropenia by disrupting glycolysis. This founder mutation leads to a loss-of-function, impacting patient health and aiding diagnosis.

Keywords:
Founder effectG6PC3 deficiencyInborn errors of immunityMetabolic dysfunctionPrimary immunodeficiencySevere congenital neutropenia

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Area of Science:

  • Immunometabolism
  • Genetics
  • Hematology

Background:

  • G6PC3 deficiency causes severe congenital neutropenia type 4 with varied symptoms complicating diagnosis.
  • The G6PC3 c.210delC variant is prevalent in Mexican populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the origin and functional impact of the G6PC3 c.210delC variant.
  • Determine the variant's role in neutropenia and glycolysis inhibition.

Main Methods:

  • Haplotype and ancestry analysis to trace variant origin.
  • Protein expression analysis in EBV-B cells.
  • Extracellular flux assays to assess glycolysis in patient-derived cells.

Main Results:

  • The c.210delC variant originated from a founder effect in the indigenous Mexican population.
  • The mutation causes aberrant G6PC3 protein expression and impairs glycolysis.
  • Patient cells showed reduced glycolysis upon 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) treatment.

Conclusions:

  • G6PC3 c.210delC is a loss-of-function mutation linked to a Mexican founder effect.
  • Clinical features in carriers align with other G6PC3 deficiency patients.
  • An in vitro assay can assess pathogenicity of new G6PC3 variants.