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Related Concept Videos

Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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The human body is a powerhouse of energy, with every cell performing numerous functions that require energy. This energy production and consumption is measured by the metabolic rate, which quantifies the total heat generated by all the body's chemical reactions and mechanical work. This measurement helps to determine the rate of kilocalorie (kcal) consumption needed to fuel all ongoing activities.
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Thyroid Function and Anthropometric Measures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Oscar H Roa Dueñas1, Yanning Xu1, Mohammad Arfan Ikram2

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for thyroid diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
|December 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thyroid function impacts body weight. Higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) correlates with increased BMI, while higher free thyroxine (FT4) correlates with lower BMI. More research is needed.

Keywords:
body compositionmeta-analysissystematic reviewthyroid diseasethyroid function

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Patient inquiries about thyroid function and body weight are common.
  • The precise relationship between thyroid function and anthropometric measures in the general population remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze population-based studies and RCTs.
  • To clarify the association between thyroid function (TSH, FT4) and anthropometric measures (BMI, weight).

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of Embase, Medline, and Cochrane Central Register up to June 28, 2023.
  • Inclusion of adult studies examining thyroid function/disease as exposure and anthropometric measures as outcome.
  • Random-effects meta-analyses for quantitative synthesis of 21 studies (107,734 participants cross-sectional, 22,010 longitudinal, 80 RCTs).

Main Results:

  • Cross-sectional analysis: TSH positively associated with BMI (B=0.21 per 1 mIU/L increase), FT4 negatively associated with BMI (B=-0.14).
  • Longitudinal analysis: Higher TSH linked to weight gain; higher FT4 linked to weight loss.
  • Evidence quality was limited and heterogeneous, especially for longitudinal data.

Conclusions:

  • A modest association exists: higher TSH correlates with higher BMI/weight, and higher FT4 with lower BMI/weight.
  • The evidence base for thyroid function and anthropometric measures is scarce.
  • High-quality longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations.