Jealousy's stroke: Othello syndrome following a percheron artery infarct

Othello syndrome is a psychosis with delusions of infidelity, where the patient harbors a persistent, unfounded belief - a "delusion" - that their partner is being unfaithful. This condition can manifest in certain psychiatric conditions and neurological disorders, such as neurodegenerative diseases, as parkinson's disease treatment side effects, or occasionally after a stroke.

We report a rare case of a 50-year-old woman, with no previous psychiatric history, who developed a delusion of infidelity, leading to verbal and physical aggressions with bladed weapons, days after experiencing a bi-thalamic infarct due to the occlusion of the Percheron artery.

Psychosis is the third most common psychiatric symptom post-stroke, with delusional disorders being the most prevalent type. Within this category, delusional jealousy is the second most common subtype, following persecutory delusions. Although no specific brain lesions are exclusively responsible for jealousy delusions, lesions in various regions, particularly in the right hemisphere, have been implicated. Thalamic strokes disrupt the frontal-subcortical-thalamic circuitry, crucial for executive functions, and the dorsomedial nuclei, leading to alterations in limbic circuitry and emotional regulation. These damages can result in significant impairments in impulse control and judgment, manifesting as behavioral disorders due to a flawed interpretation of a partner's actions as infidelity. In this case, our patient experienced a bi-thalamic infarct predominantly on the right side.

Othello syndrome represents a challenging post-stroke complication, highlighting the intricate relationship between neurological damage and psychiatric manifestations. Recognizing and promptly addressing this syndrome is crucial, given its potential for dangerous outcomes.