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A study on the psychological functioning of children with specific learning difficulties and typically developing

Nurul Shafira Adi1,2, Azizah Othman3, Hue San Kuay4

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia.

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Summary

Children with dyslexia experience more behavioral problems and anxiety than their peers. Early assessment and integrated interventions are crucial for addressing their emotional and behavioral needs.

Keywords:
BehaviouralChildrenDyslexiaEmotional symptomsPsychological Functioning

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Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Dyslexia, a common Specific Learning Difficulty, often leads to significant psychological challenges in children.
  • Difficulties in reading, spelling, and writing associated with dyslexia can impact a child's emotional well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the psychological functioning of children with dyslexia.
  • To compare the psychological profiles of children with dyslexia against typically developing children.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study design was employed.
  • The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used for assessment.
  • Teacher reports were collected from educators familiar with the children for at least one year.

Main Results:

  • Forty children with dyslexia and fifty typically developing children participated, with both groups predominantly male and aged 7-12 years.
  • Children with dyslexia exhibited significantly higher levels of behavioral problems (t(88)=8.39, p<0.001).
  • Children with dyslexia also reported significantly higher levels of anxiety (t(88)=6.81, p<0.001) compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • A strong association exists between emotional and behavioral difficulties in children with dyslexia.
  • Children with dyslexia are more susceptible to depression, anxiety, and disruptive behaviors.
  • A multidisciplinary approach integrating emotional needs assessment and management is vital for dyslexia interventions.