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Hollow core optical fiber enabled by epsilon-near-zero material.

Leon Zhang1,2, Stuart Love1,2, Aleksei Anopchenko1,2

  • 1Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)
|December 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel hollow core optical fiber using epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material cladding for light confinement. This new design significantly reduces waveguide loss, paving the way for advanced photonic applications.

Keywords:
epsilon-near-zero materialfiber laserhollow core optical fiberoptical fiberzero-index material

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Hollow core optical fibers are crucial for guiding light in an air core.
  • Existing designs utilize various light-confining mechanisms.
  • There is a continuous need for lower-loss optical fiber structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel hollow core optical fiber design.
  • To explore a new light-confining mechanism using epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials.
  • To investigate the impact of ENZ cladding on waveguide loss.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a hollow core optical fiber with an ENZ material cladding.
  • Characterization of light confinement and propagation loss.
  • Comparison of loss with and without ENZ material coating.

Main Results:

  • The ENZ cladding confines light via total internal reflection.
  • Addition of an ENZ layer (e.g., indium tin oxide) significantly reduces waveguide loss.
  • Further loss reduction is achievable with lower-loss ENZ materials.

Conclusions:

  • A novel hollow core fiber utilizing ENZ cladding for light guiding is presented.
  • This fiber architecture offers significantly reduced propagation loss.
  • Potential applications include laser surgery, spectroscopy, gas sensing, and optical communication.