Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Photoelectric Effect02:26

Photoelectric Effect

When light of a particular wavelength strikes a metal surface, electrons are emitted. This is called the photoelectric effect. The minimum frequency of light that can cause such emission of electrons is called the threshold frequency, which is specific to the metal. Light with a frequency lower than the threshold frequency, even if it is of high intensity, cannot initiate the emission of electrons. However, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, the number of electrons ejected...
Biasing of P-N Junction01:16

Biasing of P-N Junction

The operation of a p-n junction diode involves various biasing conditions, including forward bias, reverse bias, and equilibrium.
In equilibrium, no external voltage is applied across the p-n junction. The depletion region is formed at the junction interface due to the diffusion of carriers, which leaves behind charged dopants, acceptors on the p-side, and donors on the n-side. These immobile charges create an electric field that prevents further diffusion of carriers. The related energy band...
Bipolar Junction Transistor01:22

Bipolar Junction Transistor

Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) are essential elements in electronic circuits, playing a crucial role in the functionality of amplifiers, memories, and microprocessors. These transistors can be designed as NPN or PNP based on their doping patterns. They consist of three layers: the emitter, base, and collector. The configuration of these layers and their respective doping levels—with N-type or P-type impurities—define the transistor's type and its operational characteristics.
The structure...
Field Effect Transistor01:29

Field Effect Transistor

Field-effect transistors (FETs) are integral to electronic circuits and distinguished by their three-terminal setup: the gate, drain, and source. These transistors operate as unipolar devices, which utilize either electrons or holes as charge carriers, in contrast to bipolar transistors, which use both types of carriers. The primary function of the FET is to modulate the flow of these carriers from the source to the drain through a channel. The voltage difference between the gate and source...
Bridge rectifier01:24

Bridge rectifier

The bridge rectifier is essential in electronics for efficiently converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). Comprised of four diodes configured in a bridge layout, this rectifier effectively processes both the positive and negative halves of the AC waveform, making it superior to half-wave and full-wave center-tapped rectifiers in terms of voltage regulation and output stability.
Operationally, the bridge rectifier allows current flow through two of its diodes during each...
Switching of BJT01:22

Switching of BJT

Switching behavior in Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) is a fundamental aspect utilized in various electronic circuits, particularly for digital logic applications like switches and amplifiers. In a typical switching circuit, a BJT alternates between cut-off and saturation modes, corresponding to the "off" and "on" states, respectively, thus behaving like an ideal switch.
Cut-off Mode ("Off" State): In this state, both the emitter-base and collector-base junctions are reverse-biased. The...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Broadband Radiative Heat Transfer Suppression via Dispersion-Engineered Metasurfaces.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Enhancing the antenna radiation-bandwidth product with dual-tone temporal modulation.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Freeform Mode-Engineered Metasurfaces.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Lasing-like dynamics with virtual gain driven by complex-frequency excitations.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

High-velocity laser Doppler vibrometry measurements on an aluminum nitride bimorph wedge resonator.

Communications engineering·2026
Same author

Dynamic tuning of Bloch modes in anisotropic phonon polaritonic crystals.

Light, science & applications·2026
Same journal

Recent Progress in on-Demand Transfer-Enabled Integration of Wavelength-Scale Light Sources.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Tunable skyrmion bag textures in surface phonon polariton lattices.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same journal

All-Optical Diffractive Operators for Rapid, Computer-Free Morphological Transformations.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Tunable Skyrmion, Meron, and Skyrmion Bag Textures in Surface Phonon Polariton Lattices.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Deep-Subwavelength Slot-Enhanced Broadband Dynamic Camouflage Metasurface Across the S, C, X, and Ku Bands.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Machine Learning-Driven Cooling Window Design Beyond Hyperbolic Metamaterials.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

In-situ Tapering of Chalcogenide Fiber for Mid-infrared Supercontinuum Generation
09:39

In-situ Tapering of Chalcogenide Fiber for Mid-infrared Supercontinuum Generation

Published on: May 27, 2013

12.4K

Tapered photonic switching.

Emanuele Galiffi1, Shixiong Yin1, Andrea Alú1,2

  • 1Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, NY, NY 10031, USA.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)
|December 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel nonlinear materials enable wave control via temporal inhomogeneities. This study develops a theory to precisely manage time-reversal effects for broadband frequency conversion and filtering.

Keywords:
adiabatic switchingmetamaterialstaperingtemporal switching

More Related Videos

Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions - Fabrication and Characterization
08:19

Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions - Fabrication and Characterization

Published on: December 11, 2014

6.8K
Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source
12:19

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Published on: April 4, 2017

8.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2026

In-situ Tapering of Chalcogenide Fiber for Mid-infrared Supercontinuum Generation
09:39

In-situ Tapering of Chalcogenide Fiber for Mid-infrared Supercontinuum Generation

Published on: May 27, 2013

12.4K
Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions - Fabrication and Characterization
08:19

Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions - Fabrication and Characterization

Published on: December 11, 2014

6.8K
Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source
12:19

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Published on: April 4, 2017

8.4K

Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear optics
  • Metamaterials engineering
  • Wave physics

Background:

  • Novel nonlinear materials offer new possibilities for controlling waves.
  • Temporal inhomogeneities in materials can induce wave phenomena like time-reversal.
  • Finite switching times in materials significantly impact temporal scattering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a general analytical formalism for quantifying time-reversal due to temporal inhomogeneities.
  • To establish a method for tailoring the time-reversal spectral response.
  • To demonstrate applications in broadband frequency converters and filters.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging electromagnetic momentum conservation.
  • Developing a general analytical formalism for arbitrary temporal inhomogeneity profiles.
  • Creating a formalism dual to spatial tapering for spectral response tailoring.

Main Results:

  • A general theory to quantify time-reversal effects in realistic materials.
  • A method to design desired time-reversal spectral responses.
  • Demonstration of broadband frequency converters and filters based on the developed theory.

Conclusions:

  • The developed theory provides a robust framework for understanding and controlling time-reversal in materials with temporal inhomogeneities.
  • This work enables the engineering of advanced optical devices like broadband frequency converters and filters.
  • The findings pave the way for novel metamaterials operating across both space and time.